Sex, Rhetoric, And The Public Monument - 1073 Words

Read â€Å"Sex, Rhetoric, and the Public Monument† by Irene J. Winter. What is the main argument of this article? What evidence does the author use? Do you agree with the author’s argument? Why or why not? Chiseled in stone yet standing high upon the apogee of a mountain, a sexually seductive sovereign can be found. Though supposedly neither human nor god, he remains just barely within arm’s reach of the rays of divine sunlight. He is unwavering both in his alluring, dominant stance and his brutal authority, especially compared to his enemies, one which lays mercilessly beneath his firm feet, with a spear gutting his neck. With all eyes looking in his trajectory, his gaze focuses high above anyone else. His body is striking and his power†¦show more content†¦Thus, the archetype of Naram-Sà ®m shows to be the epitome of the perfect male for which other men strive to embody. This concept is conveniently backed by the elders of Naram-Sà ®m, who were successful in claiming that these attributes came in the form of being divine. This claim to divinity literally underpinned their ascension to power and the relegation of everyone else; rulers were to be revered for their beauty and power because it was truly their god given right. Alas, Winter argues that the sexual allure of the ruler’s body firmly functions was a mechanism to continue aggrandizing their own status and dominance. Winter succesfully notes that this dominance and power was also preserved by what we would call propaganda. In regards to another period of art, Winter suggests that â€Å"aesthetic pleasure can serve as the vehicle by which a highly seductive ideal vision is articulated for the citizen-viewer†. In regards to the stela, the viewer sees an image of an audacious, virtuous hero, the signifier which may have instilled and preserved the distorted perception of hierarchy. Though the idea of being an alpha male is nothing new at this point in history, it does become physically stamped into history, used to gain loyalty between the ruler and the ruled. However, this belief was not exclusive to just the king and his subjects, but also betweenShow MoreRelatedThe Womens Right Movement2439 Words   |  10 Pagesofficers of the group in front of their Washington headquarters, circa 1920s. They are holding a banner emblazoned with a quote from suffragist Susan B. Anthony: No self-respecting woman should wish or work for the success of a party that ignores her sex. The first gathering devoted to women’s rights in the United States was held July 19–20, 1848, in Seneca Falls, New York. The principal organizers of the Seneca Falls Convention were Elizabeth Cady Stanton, a mother of four from upstate New York,Read MoreMcKay AP Euro Cornell Notes Ch 12 133584 Words   |  15 PagesIndividualism revival of ancient Roman culture. 1. Literature specifically concerned with the nature of individuality emerged. 2. Renaissance people believed in individual will and genius. C. Humanism 1. Italians collected ancient manuscripts and monuments, and copied the ancient Roman lifestyle. 2. The study of the classics led to humanism, an emphasis on human beings. a. Humanists sought to understand human nature through a study of pagan and classical authors and Christian thought. b.Read MoreHistory of Theatre Lesson Notes Essay5401 Words   |  22 Pagesinevitable. Recount and understand the basic history of theatre in ancient Egypt: Between 3500 and 3000 BCE, cities grew in Egypt, and they had formed an effective central gov’t, was a major center of civilization (forms of writing and elaborate monuments were erected). Most information used in studies of ancient Egypt comes from the hieroglyphics, decorations and artifacts prerved from great pyramids built as tombs for the pharaohs and in the temples dedicated to the numerous Egyptian Gods (manyRead MoreRevisiting, Revising, and Reviving Americas Founding Era6252 Words   |  26 Pagesworthy of Americas greatness. Those Founders are equally familiar. Washington and Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin and James Madison, Sam and John Adams, Patrick Henry and Alexander Hamilton: in the popular mind this band of worthies, more marble monuments than mere mortals, guides America towards its grand destiny with a sure and steady hand. [F]or the vast majority of contemporary Americans, writes hi storian Joseph Ellis, the birth of this nation is shrouded by a golden haze or halo.(1) So easyRead MoreCultural Anthropology6441 Words   |  26 Pagesvalue as a child, relationships, communication of personal and group identity. Legitimize political leaders, political resistance and social change (such as graffiti) and art done during times of war. Performance Arts: music, dance, theatre, rhetoric, narration, etc. Ethnomusicology: cross-cultural study of music links cultural anthropology and musicology. - Studies music both from technical aspects (sound) and cultural context (meaning). Trinidad Carnival October 20 Trinidad Carnival: Read MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pagesabout political party bureaucracies, he states: In normal times such a bureaucratic apparatus, more or less consistently developed, controls the partys course, including the vitally important nomination of candidates. However, in times of great public excitement, charismatic leaders may emerge even in solidly bureaucratized parties, as was demonstrated by Roosevelts campaign in 1912. If there is a â€Å"hero,† he will endeavor to break the technicians hold over the party by imposing plebiscitary

Characteristics Of Isolates - 1056 Words

In contrast, enterocin TA0033 was unstable at 100 ºC and autoclaving temperatures and lost its activity after exposure to the indicated temperatures. Partial loss in activity was seen with enterocin TA0033 at 60 and 80 ºC after 60min of exposure with 75% reduction in activity within 90 min. In contrast, no loss of activity of enterocin TA102 was seen at these temperatures during the tested time intervals and no significant difference (p0.05) in activity between treated and untreated supernatant were observed. Enterocin TA0033 displayed bactericidal mode of action at 6,400 AU/ml, whereas bacteriostatic activity was detected at lower concentrations (200 AU/ml). Enterocin TA102 demonstrated bacteriostatic mode of action as seen by absence of†¦show more content†¦Discussion Human milk is a potential source of probiotic bacteria, including lactobacilli, streptococci, bifidobacteria and enterococci to the infant gut, affecting the overall composition of the neonate gut microbiota. Although enterococci are widely recognized as probiotic bacteria but opposed to other LAB genus they have yet not been assigned the GRAS (generally recognized as safe) status. E.faecium is considered a suitable probiotic candidate for modulation of immune responses against pathogens (24). In this study, we observed the probiotic properties of the two Enterococcus species including their resistance in stress conditions like acidic environment, high bile salt concentrations, and simulated gastric and intestinal conditions. Another important characteristic of the isolates in study, was their wide antibacterial spectrum against a number of Gram-positive and Gram-negative pathogens. In agreement with our findings, Ghrairi and colleagues (25), reported E. faecium MMT21 bacteriocin ab ility to inhibit not only closely related LAB, but also L. monocytogenes and S. aureus. Different spectrum of inhibitory action may be based on the bacteriocin producing strain, the indicator strain, and also the method used for bacteriocin detection. During physico-chemical characterizations of the antagonistic agent produced by the two Enterococcus species in study, it was observed that the antibacterial actions exertedShow MoreRelatedWhat Are Bacteria And Other Organisms?1458 Words   |  6 Pagestreatment and strategy can be developed to remedy the problem (Intrieri, 2014). In order to identify bacteria and other organisms, scientists have developed many different tests to differentiate microorganisms from each other their physical characteristics. There are many different physiological tests one can used to identify bacteria. For this project, one can use a spore stain to see if a bacteria can produce spores in response to nutrient depletion.(Intrieri, 2014) There is also the catalaseRead MoreMango Essay806 Words   |  4 Pagesanalysis. In the present study, morphological characteristics of the isolates agreed with the description of C. gloeosporioides, but cultural characteristics, which may be diverse due to cultural conditions, and conidial morphology cannot distinguish between species in the C. gloeosporioides complex (Weir et al. 2012). Based on morphological identification, single genes sequence analysis and the five-gene-combined phylogenetic analysis, the isolates obtained from mango in Guangxi included in thisRead MoreBiological Substances And Its Effects On Bacterial Infections1557 Words   |  7 Pagessynthesis as well as contribute to the development of thousands of clinical and medicinal applications. In this experiment, microbial isolates were extracted from various soil samples, purified, and screened through a variety of antibiotic and genomic processes to determine antibiotic attributes. These attributes would be associated with classifying and identifying the isolates down the genus level to be used for further studies and investigations. Materials and Methods: Soil Sample Collection Two soilRead MoreFollowership: Leadership and Followers1218 Words   |  5 PagesThere have been many observations regarding the characteristics of a leader, but followership has received less attention. Treister and Schultz (1997) â€Å"suggests that a follower is someone who accepts guidance and, on receiving it, takes the appropriate action. Treister et al (1997) also state followership is â€Å"considered a passive or submissive role of lesser importance than leadership. However, the effectiveness of leaders to a large measure depends on the qualities of their followers.† TreisterRead MoreStreak Plate Essay654 Words   |  3 PagesWhen an agar plate is inoculated, why is the loop sterilized after the initial inoculation in put on? Ans: We use agar plate to inoculate microbes by zipping the loop on the agar several times. We streak on the agar plate four time, propose is to isolate the unknown bacteria. Therefore, the first time to streak on the plate, there are million of bacteria on the loop. For that reason, we need to sterilize the loop before next streaking. Then we can get small group of colonies out from the large groupRead MoreStreptococcus Pneumoniae ( S. Pneumoniae Essay938 Words   |  4 PagesA definitive diagnosis of IPD is provided by the isolation of S. pneumoniae from normally sterile body sites such as blood, cerebrospinal and pleural fluids. However, this is only achievable for a few cases of IPD. This is because the ability to isolate S. pneumoniae from clinical specimens is significantly reduced by prior antibiotic therapy [7]. In the case of pneumococcal pneumonia, the most common clinical manifestation of pneumococcal infections, there are also the added problems of obtainingRead MoreIsol ation And Identification Of Seed Borne Fungi1234 Words   |  5 PagesPrajapati4 1 4 Asst. Professor, College of Agriculture, NAU, Waghai 2. Director of Research Dean PG Studies, NAU, Navsari 3 Asst. Research Scientist, NARP, NAU, Navsari Email:amol_deshmukhnau@yahoo.co.in Abstract An experiment was undertaken to isolate and identify the seed borne fungi of Green gram. Seed samples of three Green gram varieties were collected from Pulse research station, NAU, Navsari. PDA plating method was employed for the isolation of the fungi and cultural, microscopic study wasRead MoreThe Causal Fungus Of Guava Scabby In El Beheira Governorate1099 Words   |  5 Pagessp the Causal Fungus of Guava Scabby Canker in EL-Beheira Governorate, Egypt. ABSTRACT During 2013-2014 growing seasons, forty three isolates of Pestalotiopsis spp were recovered from guava leaves and fruits showed scab symptoms from different regions in EL-Beheira governorate. Five Pestalotiopsis species were recognized according to the morphological characteristics of fungal colony (Colony color, Size and number of acervulii) and conidia (Length, Width, and Color of median cells, Length and theRead MoreCross Sectional Study1531 Words   |  7 Pagescross-sectional study conducted between March 2016 and September 2016, among non-duplicate S. aureus isolates, obtained from clinical isolates and nasal swabs of hospitalized patients and HCWs, in four teaching hospitals (Alzahra, Shariati, Imam Kazem and ShahidChamran) in Isfahan, Iran. Samples collected from different wards, including surgery, intensive care units (ICUs), and internal medicine. Clinical isolates were obtained from the wound, blood, urine culture, sputum, peritoneum and synovial samplesRead MoreEssay Iso lation in Franz Kafka’s The Metamorphosis867 Words   |  4 Pagesthe families’ separation from society. In The Metamorphosis, Kafka emphasizes Gregor’s seclusion from his family. However, Gregor’s separation is involuntary unlike the family who isolates themselves by the choices they make. Each family member has characteristics separating them from society. These characteristics become more unraveling than Gregor, displaying the true isolation contained in The Metamorphosis. Grete’s isolation from society stems from her passion and interest for her

Factors affecting women working in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Free Essays

This summary is not available. Please click here to view the post.

The Principal Factors Contributing to Individuals Resistance to Change

Introduction Change is a common feature in organizations. The capacity to handle such changes is the core competence of success in organizations (Weick Quinn, 1999, p. 362).Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Principal Factors Contributing to Individual’s Resistance to Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Over the last two decades, the main drivers of organizational changes have been technological advancements, stiff competition and fluctuations in the global economy. This has led to exploration of mechanisms for achieving competitive advantage through increased radical forms of change (Reichers, Wanous Austin, 1997, p. 50). Human resources management is considered very significant in enforcing change in organizations. This is partly due to the fact that employees are the custodian of organizational values, which is one of the principal strategic elements determining companies’ potent ial (Kiefer, 2002, p. 40). Nowadays, companies are embracing new concepts in human resources management to enhance their competitive edge (Weick Quinn, 1999, p. 362). Some of these concepts focus on ways of overcoming various factors contributing to resistance to change (Reichers, Wanous Austin, 1997, p. 52). The paper will explore the principal factors contributing to individual’s resistance to change. The paper will also analyze a real-life case related to change resistance. Factors contributing to individual resistance to change The general overview of various aspects affecting individuals’ resistance to change in organizations has been developed out of the need to comprehend business dynamics and enhance efficiency (Baack, 2012, p. 45). Numerous studies have been conducted to identify a wide range of factors affecting employees’ resistance to change. The most common factors include involvement of general employees, communication procedures used, availabili ty of knowledge or information, employees’ academic qualification, and confidence in the top leadership. According to Weick and Quinn (1999, p. 370), employee involvement and open communication process enhance trust and, therefore, affect an individual’s resistance to change.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Reichers, Wanous and Austin (1997, p. 52) emphasized that change in an organization can only be attained when the resistance is minimized. This can only be achieved by involving workers in the change process. The involvement gives them a sense of ownership. In addition, employee involvement enhances the level of confidence between the workers and the managers. Coch and French (1948) conducted a study on change resistance among workers in a clothing company who carried out tasks that were repeatedly changing. The clothing company witnessed considerab le resistance of the employees to the change, which was manifested in a number of ways, for instance, high rate of employee turnover and aggression towards the management. However, when the management decided to involve the workers in the change process the level of resistance went down. Kotter (1995, p. 63) highlighted the significance of the open communication policy in change management. He argued that such policy enables workers to express their fears and dislikes, and finally get their approval. Weick and Quinn (1999) explained that the communication process is very significant in cultivating trust between the workers and the management. This is because open communication policy produces a joint effort. The quality of information provided to the employees is also a major factor contributing to resistance to change (Weick Quinn, 1999, p. 373). According to Weick and Quinn (1999, p. 368), lack of legitimate and reliable information can increase the level of resistance to change among employees. This often occurs due to the fear of unknown impact of change and lack of understanding of the need for change. Reichers, Wanous and Austin (1997, p. 55) argued that employees indecision and misinterpretation of the change process or the need for change are the main factors that promote resistance to change. They explained that the above factors depend on the quality of information available to the employees. Therefore, legitimate and dependable information minimizes the fear of unknown and enhances understanding of the need for change.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on The Principal Factors Contributing to Individual’s Resistance to Change specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Coch and French (1948, p. 515) explained that an organization can only cope with change when there is a supportive environment and freedom from threats. This can only be realized when the employees and the manage ment have cultivated a strong bond of trust. For this reason, increase in trust between the employees and the management minimizes the resistance to change. Trust entails issues related to integrity, reliability and honesty (Coch French, 1948, p. 516). Baack (2012, p. 155) showed that lack of confidence in the agents of change is the principle factor contributing to change resistance. He also identified lack of trust between the employees and the management as a factor that enhances change resistance. Last but not least, the level of education also affects the way employees respond to changes in an organization. Generally, highly learned employees are open-minded, innovative and willing to embrace change (Baack, 2012, p. 157). Real-life case of individuals resisting change In the late 2009, Green Sugar Company introduced the Sun System, a computerized accounting package. The package was introduced by the management without consultation. As a result, there was a general outrage and opposition to the new system since most workers had little knowledge about it. My cousin, a junior accountant in the company, felt that it was another scheme by the management to lay-off workers. This is because many workers had been laid-off since the new management took over the reign of leadership. Therefore, his resistance to the new system was because he did not trust the top leadership as well as did not understand the significance of the new system. Hence, his resistance was caused by internal factors. Nonetheless, the management had good intentions but only used the wrong approach. Application of Kotter’s theory for change to overcome the resistance In order to overcome such resistance, the company should apply Kotter’s eight steps for successful change management. These steps include creating a sense of urgency, forming a strong coalition, creating a vision, communicating the vision, empowering employees, developing short-term goals, consolidating improvements , and institutionalizing the change (Kotter, 1996, 88). First, the management should establish a sense of urgency because of the huge losses incurred due to the inefficiency of the old system. The establishment of a sense of urgency would prompt necessary action. Second, they should inform and educate to accept the change all the parties involved in the process.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Third, they should make sure that the proposal is in-line with the company’s vision or create a new vision to provide direction. Fourth, the vision should be communicated to all the employees. Fifth, all the employees should be given a role to play in the change process. Sixth, the proposal should incorporate short-term goals to ensure that the process is in accordance with the plan. Seventh, all the improvements should be consolidated and the impetus maintained. Lastly, the system should be institutionalized after the final analysis. The plan should be considered to have worked when the level of resistance reduces and employees owning up to the new system. In addition, employees should have full knowledge of the new system and understand its significance to the organization. Conclusion The capacity to handle changes is the core competence of success in organizations. However, many employees often resist change. Numerous studies have been conducted to identify a wide range of factors that contribute to employees’ resistance to change. The most common factors include involvement of general employees, communication procedures used, availability of knowledge or information, employees academic qualification, and confidence in the top leadership. Kotter provided key steps of overcoming such resistance. References Baack, D. (2012). Organizational Behavior. San Diego, CA: Bridge point Education, Inc. Coch, L. French, J. (1948). Overcoming Resistance to Change. Human Relations, 512-532. Kiefer, T. (2002). Understanding the emotional experience of organizational change: Evidence from a merger. Advances in Developing Human Resources, 4, 39–61. Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review, 73 (2), 59-67. Kotter, J. (1996). Leading Change. London: Harvard Business School Press. Reichers, A., Wanous, J. Austin, T. (1997). Understanding and managing cynicism about organizational change. Academy of Mana gement Review, 11(1), 48–59. Weick, K. Quinn, E. (1999). Organizational change and development. Annual Review of Psychology, 50, 361–86. This research paper on The Principal Factors Contributing to Individual’s Resistance to Change was written and submitted by user Sarah Watson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Free Essays on Hemingway

Hemingway’s Hills â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Earnest Hemingway is a short story about the American and Jig’s lack of good communication. One would not understand the true meaning of this story without examining the symbolism used by the author. The story begins with a description of the setting. There were long hills, a train station, a bar, and a beaded curtain. At this point in the story, I thought that Hemingway was just trying to start another tale of his. Little did I know he was showing me, the reader, how important the setting is by talking about it first. I learned that I had to examine every physical part of the scenery to understand the story. From the beginning of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† to the very end, Hemingway uses the various aspects of the setting as symbols to reveal things about the American, the Jig, and them as a couple. While waiting for their train, the man and woman sat outside the bar that was next to the train station. They passed the time by drinking, and the woman was observing the scenery at the same time. Jig mentions to her boyfriend â€Å"they [the hills] look like white elephants† (758). A white elephant is something that is useless. Jig is pregnant. The American boyfriend does not want her to have the baby. If she were to have the baby, it would change his lifestyle. Thus, the baby would be a white elephant to the man. This is when I learned that there is symbolism in the setting. In this case, it was in the landscape of the countryside of Spain. This is the most obvious case in the story, and it foreshadows that there is more to come. The bar in Spain that the American and Jig are sitting at is also symbolic. Hemingway mentions in the first paragraph â€Å"the American and the girl with him sat at a table in the shade, next to a table outside the building [the bar]† (757). He purposefully does not indicate what country the girl is from. To clarify, Hemingway is showing the ... Free Essays on Hemingway Free Essays on Hemingway Hemingway’s Hills â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† by Earnest Hemingway is a short story about the American and Jig’s lack of good communication. One would not understand the true meaning of this story without examining the symbolism used by the author. The story begins with a description of the setting. There were long hills, a train station, a bar, and a beaded curtain. At this point in the story, I thought that Hemingway was just trying to start another tale of his. Little did I know he was showing me, the reader, how important the setting is by talking about it first. I learned that I had to examine every physical part of the scenery to understand the story. From the beginning of â€Å"Hills Like White Elephants† to the very end, Hemingway uses the various aspects of the setting as symbols to reveal things about the American, the Jig, and them as a couple. While waiting for their train, the man and woman sat outside the bar that was next to the train station. They passed the time by drinking, and the woman was observing the scenery at the same time. Jig mentions to her boyfriend â€Å"they [the hills] look like white elephants† (758). A white elephant is something that is useless. Jig is pregnant. The American boyfriend does not want her to have the baby. If she were to have the baby, it would change his lifestyle. Thus, the baby would be a white elephant to the man. This is when I learned that there is symbolism in the setting. In this case, it was in the landscape of the countryside of Spain. This is the most obvious case in the story, and it foreshadows that there is more to come. The bar in Spain that the American and Jig are sitting at is also symbolic. Hemingway mentions in the first paragraph â€Å"the American and the girl with him sat at a table in the shade, next to a table outside the building [the bar]† (757). He purposefully does not indicate what country the girl is from. To clarify, Hemingway is showing the ... Free Essays on Hemingway Throughout history there have been overthrows on governments in order to bring a new government into power. In â€Å"Chapter V† of Hemingway’s In Our Time, Hemingway implies that old governments are often replaced and a new regime ascends to power. Throughout history old governments have been deposed by a new system which is fit to rule the people of its time. In â€Å"Chapter V† Hemingway subtly hints that an old, dying government is often overthrown by a new, organized, and often militaristic regime. In â€Å"Chapter V†, Hemingway uses diction with syntax to create a gloomy, serious, and straightforward tone. The tone is important in this paragraph because it shows how Hemingway is describing this dismal scene. â€Å"There were wet dead leaves on the paving of the courtyard†(Hemingway), If this description is plugged into the symbolism of the chapter it can foreshadow what happens at the end of the passage and where it happens. Another element used in the syntax in the chapter is the word â€Å"they.† The use of the word â€Å"they† in the passage is used most when referring to the soldiers. â€Å"They† is a nameless and numberless pronoun which suggests that Hemingway wanted to keep the identity of the people who are responsible unclear. He uses this when describing the execution. â€Å"They shot the cabinet ministers at ...hospital†. This description shows how he keeps the identity of the soldiers unclear in the paragraph. Hemingway also uses the word â€Å"they† to show that the soldiers are not individuals but part of a collective and are receiving orders. Hemingway writes, â€Å"They tried to hold him up against the wall.† and continues later in the paragraphâ€Å"Finally the officer told the soldiers....†. Hemingway uses this to illustrate that â€Å"they† are following orders form a person of a higher rank. In this chapter that is important to show that the new regime is more organized than the old government. Hemingway uses ...

How to Say No in German, With Explanations and Examples

How to Say No in German, With Explanations and Examples Even people who dont study German know that Nein means no in German. But of course thats only the beginning to German negation. The German adverb nicht and adjective kein can be used to negate a sentence as well. Nicht is the English equivalent of not. Kein, on the other hand, can have different nuances depending on the sentence: no, not any, not a, none, no one, nobody. The rules for applying kein and nicht are actually quite simple. (really!) They are as follows: WhenNichtIs Used in a Sentence The noun to be negated has a definite article. Er liest das Buch. Er liest das Buch nicht. (He is not reading the book.) The noun to be negated has a possessive pronoun. Er liebt seine Freundin. Er liebt seine Freundin nicht. (He does not love his girlfriend.) The verb is to be negated. Ich will schlafen. Ich will nicht schlafen. (I dont want to sleep.) An adverb/adverbial phrase is to be negated. Sie rennt schnell. Sie rennt nicht schnell. (She does not run fast.) An adjective is used with the verb sein. Das Kind ist geizig. Das Kind ist nicht geizig. (The child is greedy.) WhenKeinIs Used in a Sentence The noun to be negated has an indefinite article. Ich will einen Apfel essen. Ich will keinen Apfel essen. (I dont want to eat an apple.) The word kein is in fact k ein and is positioned where the indefinite article would be. The noun has no article. Ich habe Zeit dafà ¼r. Ich habe keine Zeit dafà ¼r. (I dont have time for that.) Please note that though ein has no plural, kein does and follows the standard case declension pattern. The Position of Nicht The position of nicht is not always so clear-cut. However, generally speaking, nicht will precede adjectives, adverbs and either precede or follow verbs depending on its type. Nicht and Sondern, Keinand Sondern When nicht and kein negate only a clause, then usually the second clause that follows will begin with the conjunction sondern. Ich will nicht dieses Buch, sondern das andere.To put particular emphasis on nicht, positioning it at the beginning of the sentence is acceptable: Nicht Karl meinte ich, sondern Karin.

Micro and Macro Economics Analysis of British Airways Coursework

Micro and Macro Economics Analysis of British Airways - Coursework Example Microeconomic Analysis Some of the demand and supply factors that have affected the profitability of British Airways as a company over the years include economic conditions, competition from other airlines, rise and fall in global oil prices, changes in government policy, and employees’ expenses. Economic conditions include one important demand and supply factor that affects the profitability of British Airways. For example, in the first few years of the new millennium, global recession has hit hard the company’s profitability. Generally, global recession means that the world’s economy is shrinking. A bad economy means that many people will not have a lot of money in their accounts to tour the world and in the process, affecting the company’s demand. This in the long run affects the profits of the company. Competition from other airlines is also a factor that affects the British Airways’ profitability. In the new millennium, the emergence of many lo w-cost airlines has really affected the company’s profitability by reducing the demand. ... When global oil prices rise, the cost of jet fuel, which is a by-product of the refined oil, will also rise. This will lead to a significant rise in the price of air tickets and in the long run, reducing the demand as well as the company’s profits tremendously. The vice-versa happens when the global oil prices fall. Recently, when oil prices rose, knowing that this would affect the company’s profits tremendously, BA executives took part in an illegal act of fixing fuel surcharges. This led to the fining of BA and the executives charged with a criminal act (Thompson and Martin, 2010, p.298) Government policy also affects the company’s profitability. When the government issues travel advisories to some destinations in the world due to terrorist attacks, the number of travelers to those destinations goes down and in the process reduces the company’s profits that would have been made in travels to those destinations. For example, the terrorist attacks on the W orld trade center had the government informing people of how the situation on the ground was and in the process, the number of travelers reduced tremendously bringing down the company’s profits. Employees’ expense is another factor that affects British Airways profitability. It forms a big part of the company’s costs which are later passed down to the travelers and which affects demand. For example, in 2002 when the British Airways was restructuring its business operations, it had to have 13,000 job cuts. This job cuts were an attempt by the company to cut its costs by 650 million pounds. This showed how employee expenses as a factor has a big impact on the company’s profitability (Young, 2007, p.42) Â   Â   The market structure in which the chosen company operates in is a